Context of Practice: Idea 1

How has feminism changed with each 'wave'?

5 Quotes:

"...Many of the essays were personal and reflective, recounting the difficulties of working in departments as the first and only woman professor. These feminists defied blatant sexism and existing cultural norms against working women to fulfill their potential as intelligent, independent people. I was moved by the dedication to literary studies that initially led to many women to attend graduate school, where they often faced an unreceptive academia dominated by male scholars. " (Heywood and Drake, 1997)
"It was at this moment that I realised to the fullest my indebtedness to second wave feminism - all of the female instructors of undergraduates whose brilliance and support fostered by eventual career in English studies were part of the second wave feminist movement. If not for the vital social and political work of these women, I might not have been in a position to consider even the possibility of obtaining a doctoral degree." (Heywood and Drake, 1997)
"Today many people confuse feminism as being weaker than it was 30 years ago, but that is only because feminism has become more powerful in our personal lives and therefore, people misinterpret this as being weaker in the public, but it's just more 'everyday'." (Feminist.com, 2015)
" As Third Wavers react to the theories and politics of Second Wave feminism (feminist movement of the 1960s and 1970s), Third Wave feminist publications express ways in which young feminists negotiate the cultural terrain of late 20th century and early 21st century America" (Conrad, 2001)
"Many Third Wave feminists came of age during the late 1970s and early 1980s, during a time when extreme music-based, pop-culture movements, such as punk rock, had great power. The cultural history of punk music is built upon anti-establishment ideologies, including the belief that commercial media is a capitalist tool of oppression and exploitation. Punk rock – the music and the culture – is inherently revolutionary, questioning authority and homogenous, capitalistic society. The DIY aesthetic of punk led to an explosion of underground zines in the 1970s and 1980s, which connected political and cultural revolutionaries" (Conrad, 2001)
"second-wave feminists developed their feminism through both identifying and disidentifying with their feminist 'foremothers'." (Henry, 2004)
"eminism is being re-shaped by its articulation through a global discourse of human rights and an increased focus on state interventions. This is partly a result of the transition in the gender regime changing the economic and political resources and opportunities open to women and partly due to globalization" (Walby, 2002)

Walby, S. (2002). Feminism in a global era. Economy and Society, 31(4), pp.533-557.

Henry, A. (2004). Not my mother's sister. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.

Conrad, L. (2001). Third Wave Feminism, A Case Study of BUST Magazine. 1st ed. [ebook] California, p.2. Available at: http://grrrlzines.net/writing/Conrad_thesis.pdf [Accessed 29 May 2015].

Feminist.com, (2015). ASK AMY: FEMINISM. [online] Available at: http://www.feminist.com/askamy/feminism/fem160.html [Accessed 29 May 2015].

Heywood, L. and Drake, J. (1997). Third wave agenda. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

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